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Bond potentials

A bond type is defined by a pair of two atom types, between which the bond can exist, a functional form and the corresponding parameters values.

Image title
A bond of length r between atoms 1 and 2
Animation
The bond length $r$ oscillates around its equilibrium value $r_0$ (here with a harmonic potential).

The length of a bond is defined as:

\[ r = \lVert \mathbf{r}_2 - \mathbf{r}_1 \lVert \]

The following functional forms of bond potentials are defined in exastamp: